![]() ![]() It comes as no surprise that Ferdinand II espoused Catholic sacred music, and Priuli and Valentini would influence the sacred musical styles of the 17th century, bringing the Venetian polychoral style to the German-speaking countries. The Kapellmeisters during his reign-Giovanni Priuli (who followed Ferdinand II from Graz) and Giovanni Valentini-were born and raised in Venice. His Hofkapelle would employ 120 musicians, majority of whom were Italians. In 1619, Archduke Ferdinand was crowned Ferdinand II of the Holy Roman Empire, and he moved his court to Vienna. The Kapellmeisters (directors of music) in his Hofkapelle in Graz were Italians. Buelow in A History of Baroque Music (Indiana University Press, 2004), Ferdinand regularly toured Italy as Archduke of Inner Austria and sought out musicians in Venice. This uncompromising religious policy would guide the Habsburgs for the next century.Īnother “policy” that would guide Ferdinand’s Habsburg descendants was the devotion to Italian music. During his reign as Holy Roman Emperor, Ferdinand actively suppressed Protestantism and forced his subjects to convert to the Roman Catholic faith. He was a staunch champion of the Counter-Reformation, a revival effort of the Roman Catholic as a response to the Protestant Reformation. Venetian Music in the Habsburg Courtįerdinand II, Maximilian’s descendant through the Austrian branch of the family, was educated by strict Jesuits in the University of Ingolstadt. This established a tradition of a boys choir singing in the Sunday masses in the Hofkapelle, a tradition that continues today with the world-famous Vienna Boys Choir. In 1498, Maximilian I wrote in an Imperial Decree his instructions to add boys to the choir of the court chapel (Hofkapelle) of the Hofburg Palace in Vienna, the imperial capital. The name of the family was derived from the name of their castle Habichtsburg (“Hawk’s Castle”), built in 1020 in what is now Switzerland. ![]() He was credited for expanding the territory and influence of his family, the Habsburgs, through war and marriage. Maximilian I was crowned Holy Roman Emperor in 1493. We will look at the origins of the Habsburg court’s devotion to music and shine a spotlight on its two prominent artists: Mozart and Beethoven. A number of the Habsburgs themselves created music as composers, and provided substantial funding even during periods when state finances could no longer support it. When the Austrian branch of the royal house of Habsburg split from the “senior” Spanish branch (which would end with Charles II in 1700), the dynasty ruled from the capital of Vienna, transforming it into a centre of European music by financing extravagant theatrical performances and becoming patrons of renowned artists. Their daughters Marie Antoinette and Maria Carolina became Queens of France and Naples-Sicily, respectively, and their sons Joseph II and Leopold II became their successors. 1745-1765), Maria Theresa, Holy Roman Empress (r. Music and the Austrian Habsburgs Members of the Habsburg royal family circa 1764.
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